Microcontrollers
http://www.arduino.cc/
Arduino - With bootloader and IDE Free - C/C++ programming language
Atmel 8bit AVR ATmega series Microcontrollers
Atmega 328 DIP or surface mount (32KB Flash) (8 - 20MIPS at 8 - 20MHz)(3.3V/5.0V)
Atmega 168 DIP or surface mount (16KB Flash) (8 - 20MIPS at 8 - 20MHz)(3.3V/5.0V)
Atmega 2560 surface mount (256KB Flash) (16MIPS at 16MHz)(5.0V)
Atmega 1280 surface mount (128KB Flash) (16MIPS at 16MHz)(3.3V/5.0V)
Attiny and more!
http://leaflabs.com/devices/maple/
Leaflabs - With bootloader and IDE Free - C/C++ programming language
Arduino compatible IDE and librarys.
ST 32bit Microntroller - 72MHz ARM Cortex M3 chip (128KB Flash) (72MIPS)(3.3V)
http://www.parallax.com/tabid/295/Default.aspx
Basic Stamp - Tools, Resources, STAMPS, IDE - software (Basic C programming, Easy Stamp language)
http://www.rev-ed.co.uk/picaxe/
Pickaxe - Tools and Resources, Program many chips in many languages.
http://www.microchip.com/
Microchip PIC Microcontrollers - (MPLABS) IDE Free - ASM/C/C++ programming language
Supports all PIC Microcontrollers
12Fxxxx 14Fxxxx 16Fxxxx 18Fxxxx etc - 8bit, 16bit, 24bit cores (100KIPS - 20MIPS)
